Sensors & Signal Processing - Unit-5 - Hand written notes

The hand written note covers the following topics :

SIGNAL CONDITIONING & DATA ACQUISITION                   

Amplification–Quantization -Filtering– Sample and Hold circuits–Data Acquisition: Single channel and multi-channel data acquisition–Data logging.

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SSP - PPT for the unit-3- ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS

Resistive transducers– Potentiometer–RTD– Thermistor – Thermocouple–Strain gauges–use in displacement, temperature, force measurement–Inductive transducer–LVDT–RVDT–use in displacement– Capacitive transducer –Piezoelectric transducer –Digital displacement transducers.

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SSP- Unit-2 - MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS - Presentation

Attached the video and PPT for the unit-2- MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS . IT covers the following topics :

Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge – Ionization gauge, flow measurement, hotwire anemometer. Position sensors, linear and angular velocity sensors– torque sensors-pressure sensors.

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SSP unit-3 - Electrical Measurement - Hand written Notes

The hand written notes cover the following topics :

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS                                              

Resistive transducers– Potentiometer–RTD– Thermistor – Thermocouple–Strain gauges–use in displacement, temperature, force measurement–Inductive transducer–LVDT–RVDT–use in displacement– Capacitive transducer –Piezoelectric transducer –Digital displacement transducers.

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SSP - Question bank for Unit-1 & Unit-2

Unit-1

SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT

2 Mark Question & Answer

1. What is meant by measurement?

Measurement means an act or the result of comparison between the quantity and a predefined standard.

2. Mention the basic requirements of measurement.

The basic requirements of measurement are i. The standard used for comparison purpose must be accurately defined and should be commonly accepted. ii. The apparatus used and the method adopted must be provable.

3. State the two methods for measurement.

The two methods of measurement are i. Direct method and ii. Indirect method.

4. State the function of measurement system.

The measurement system consists of a transducing element which converts the quantity to be measured in an analogous form the analogous signal is then processed by some intermediate means and is then fed to the end device which presents the results of the measurement.

5. List the three types of instruments.

The three types of instruments are:

i. Mechanical Instruments

ii. Electrical Instruments and

 iii. Electronic Instruments.

6.Give any three applications of measurement systems.

The applications of measurement systems are

i. Monitoring of processes and operations.

ii. Control of processes and operations.

iii. Experimental engineering analysis.

7.Define units. State its types.

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SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING - unit-2 Hand written Notes

Handwritten notes covers the following topics :

Temperature: Filled thermometer–Bimetallic thermometer–monometers–elastic transducers – bourdon gauge – bellows – diaphragm. Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge – Ionization gauge, flow measurement, hotwire anemometer. Position sensors, linear and angular velocity sensors– torque sensors-pressure sensors.

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SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING - unit-1 Hand written Notes

The attached handwritten notes covers the following topics :

 

SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT                                                

Units and Standards– Calibration techniques –Errors in Measurements– Generalized Measurement System–Static and dynamic characteristics of transducers– Generalized Performance of Zero Order and First Order Systems - Response of transducers to different time varying inputs – Classification of transducers-Introduction to second order systems.


Part-1 --> Click Here
Part-2 --> Click Here

EC3303 SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING - Anna University Previous Year Question Papers

EC3303 SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING - Anna University Previous Year Question Papers

The question paper syllabus covers the following topics :

UNIT I SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT
UNIT II MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS
UNIT III ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
UNIT IV SMART SENSORS
UNIT V SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION


To Download all the question papers of Anna University - Click Here

EC3303 - Sensors & Signal Processing -SSP Unit-5 -SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION- Hand Written Notes

Hand written notes for unit-5 (SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION) covers the following topics in detail.

1. Amplification 
2. Filtering
3. Sample and Hold circuits 
4. Data Acquisition: 
5. Single channel and multichannel data acquisition
6. Data logging.

To download the handwritten notes click here

SSP Unit-5 Presentations

This page gives the presentation for unit-5
UNIT - 5 covers the following topics :
 SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION          
Amplification – Filtering – Sample and Hold circuits –Data Acquisition: Single channel and multi
channel data acquisition – Data logging.

Presentation for Signal Conditioning & Amplification  - Click Here
Presentation for Filters - Click Here
Presentation for Sample & Hold- Click Here
Presentation for Data Acquisition, Single Channel & Multi Channel - Click Here
Presentation for Data Logging - Click Here

SSP IA-2 Important Questions

2- Mark Questions :

1.Define electrical transducer

2. What is meant by Resistive Transducer.

3. Define Potentiometer. State its types.

4. Draw the Equivalent Diagram of Potentiometer.

5. State the Applications of Potentiometer.

6. Give few advantages and disadvantages of Potentiometer.

7. How Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) works.

8. State the Advantage and Disadvantage of RTD

9. Give some application of RTD.

10. How Thermistor works.

11. What is meant by PTC and NTC in thermistor.

12. Define Seebeck Effect

13. Define Peltier Effects.

14. Define Thomson effects.

15. How Thermocouple works

16. State the working principle of Thermocouple.

17. Give the general block diagram of Thermocouple working.

18. States the laws of thermocouple.

19. Explain the Law of homogeneous materials

20. Explain the Law of intermediate materials

21. Explain the Law of  intermediate temperatures

22. What are the commercially available Thermocouples?

23. State few Applications of Thermocouples.

24. Define Thermopile.

25. Define Strain.

26. What is Strain gauge?

27. How Strain gauge works.

28. Define Gauge Factor.

29. Define Poison’s ratio.

30. State the types of Strain gauges.

31. Define Inductive Transducer.

32. State LVDT Working Principle.

33. Define Capacitive Transducer.

34. How to vary capacitance in Capacitive Transducer

35. State some advantage and Disadvantages of  capacitive Transducers.

36. What are Piezo – Electric Crystals? Give Examples.

37. What is meant by piezo-electric effect?

38. What is meant by inverse piezo-electric effect ?

39. What are the merits or advantages of piezo-electric oscillator?

40. What are the demerits of piezo-electric oscillator?

41.Define a transducer.

42.How transducers are classified?

43. Name the types of Resistance transducers.

44. Name the capacitance transducers.

45. Name the types of inductance transducers.

46. Mention the various resistance materials used in resistance transducers.

47. Mention the static characteristics of the transducers.

48. Name the application of piezo-electrical transducers in the medical field

49. State the basic principle of photoelectric transducers.

50. What is a Digital Transducer?

51. What is an encoder ?                                                                                                           

52. State the Classification of Encoder types.

53. Compare RTD with thermistor.

 16 Mark Questions:

1. Explain hot wire anemometer. What are its types? Explain it with neat diagram.

2. Explain the construction and working of Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)?

5. Explain the construction and working of RTD?

6. Explain the construction and working of Thermistor?

7. Explain the construction and working of Thermocouple? State its laws.

8. Explain the construction and working of Strain gauge? State and explain its types.

9. Derive the equation for Poison’s ratio and strain gauge factor of Strain gauge.

10. Explain the construction and working of Rotational Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT)?

11. What is meant by capacitive transducer? Explain its construction and method of change of capacitance value in detail.

12. Explain the construction and working Piezo Electric Transducer?

13. Write in detail about the Digital displacement transducer. What are its types and also explain its types in detail.

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SSP - Unit-3 Handwritten notes

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
Resistive transducers – Potentiometer– RTD – Thermistor – Thermocouple – Strain gauges –
use in displacement, temperature, force measurement – Inductive transducer – LVDT – RVDT –
use in displacement – Capacitive transducer – Piezo electric transducer – Digital displacement
transducers.


Click here to download the document.

SSP - Unit-3 - 2 Mark Questions with Answers.

Unit-3

Electrical Measurements

2- Mark Questions and Answers

1.     Define electrical transducer

Transducer is a device which converts the energy from one form to another form. Transducer that gives electrical energy as output is known as electrical transducer. The Output electrical signal may be voltage or current.

2. What is meant by Resistive Transducer.

Measurement of change in resistance . Relationship is given by

                         

3. Define Potentiometer. State its types.

A pot is an electromechanical device containing an electrically conductive wiper that slides against a fixed resistive element according to the position or angle of an external shaft.

Its 3 types are Linear POT,   Rotary POT,    Helipots

4. Draw the Equivalent Diagram of Potentiometer.

5. State the Applications of Potentiometer.

To measure displacement (linear, angular)

– To measure level

– To measure force (as in strain gauges)

– To measure pressure

– To detect error in a control system (a comparator, or a comparison circuit).

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Unit-3 - Electrical Measurement - Class notes- Presentation

The topics which are covered in this presentation are 
Resistive transducers – Potentiometer– RTD – Thermistor – Thermocouple – Strain gauges –
use in displacement, temperature, force measurement.

Temperature Presentation - Click Here
Strain Gauge Presentation - Click Here

Sensors and Signal Processing - Unit-II - Mechanical Measurement- Handwritten Notes

Here added the "UNIT II MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS"
Temperature: Filled thermometer – Bimetallic thermometer – monometers – elastic transducers
– bourdon gauge – bellows – diaphragm. Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge –
Ionization gauge, flow measurement: orifice, venture, nozzle, pitot tube, turbine flow meter, hot
wire anemometer.

To download it free Click here

Sensors and Signal Processing -2 Mark Question & Answer- Important Questions for Unit-1

Here by attached the 2 mark Question with answer for unit-I and also added the Important questions for Unit-1
 1) What is instrument?

It is a device for determining the value or magnitude of a quantity or variable.

2) Add 826 ± 5 to 628 ± 3.

N1 = 826 ± 5 ( = ± 0.605%)

N2 = 628 ± 3 ( = ± 0.477%)

Sum = 1,454 ± 8 (=± 0.55%)

3) Subtract 628 ± 3 from 826 ± 5.

N1 = 826 ± 5 ( = ± 0.605%)

N2 = 628 ± 3 ( = ± 0.477%)

Difference = 198 ± 8 (= ± 4.04%)

4) List three sources of possible errors in instruments.

Gross Error, Systematic & Random errors.

5) Define Instrumental error

These are the errors inherent in measuring instrument because of their mechanical

structure.

6) Define limiting error

Components are guaranteed to be with in a certain percentage of rated value. Thus

the manufacturer has to specify the deviations from the nominal value of a particular

quantity.

7) Define probable error

It is defined as r = ± 0.6745s where s is standard deviation. Probable error has been used in experimental work to some extent in past, but standard deviation is more convenient in statistical work.

8) Define Environmental error

These are due to conditions in the measuring device, including conditions in the

area surrounding the instrument, such as the effects of changes in temperature,

humidity.

Click here

SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING Hand Written Notes for Unit-1(lecturer notes)

 Here by attached the Lecturer notes for Sensors and Signal Processing. You can also download them by using the following links.
Units and Standards – Calibration techniques –Errors in Measurements – Generalized Measurement System – Static and dynamic characteristics of transducers – Generalized Performance of Zero Order and First Order Systems - Response of transducers to different time varying inputs – Classification of transducers.

Click here to download the Document-1 (Page 1 to 14)

Click here to download the Document-2 (Page 15 to 31)

Sensors & Signal Processing -Characteristics of Transducer - Presentation

•Divided into two categories: static and dynamic characteristics.

•Static characteristics refer to the comparison between steady output and ideal output when the input is constant.

•Dynamic characteristics refer to the comparison between instrument output and ideal output when the input changes.

SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS

• Range

• Span

• Linearity

• Sensitivity

• Environmental effects

• Hysteresis

• Resolution

• Death space

 

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SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING and SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY - Syllabus

EC3303          SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING                                                            
UNIT I              SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT                                                  9

Units and Standards – Calibration techniques –Errors in Measurements – Generalized Measurement System – Static and dynamic characteristics of transducers – Generalized Performance of Zero Order and First Order Systems - Response of transducers to different time varying inputs – Classification of transducers

UNIT II          MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS                                                       9

Temperature: Filled thermometer – Bimetallic thermometer – monometers – elastic transducers – bourdon gauge – bellows – diaphragm. Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge – Ionization gauge, flow measurement: orifice, venture, nozzle, pilot tube, turbine flow meter, hot wire anemometer.

UNIT III        ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS                                                         9

Resistive transducers – Potentiometer– RTD – Thermistor – Thermocouple – Strain gauges – use in displacement, temperature, force measurement – Inductive transducer – LVDT – RVDT – use in displacement – Capacitive transducer – Piezo electric transducer – Digital displacement  transducers.

UNIT IV        SMART SENSORS                                                                                     9

Radiation Sensors - Smart Sensors - Film sensor, MEMS & Nano Sensors – applications -  Automobile, Aerospace, Home appliances, Manufacturing, Medical diagnostics, Environmental monitoring.

UNIT V          SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION                     9

Amplification – Filtering – Sample and Hold circuits –Data Acquisition: Single channel and multi channel data acquisition – Data logging.

TOTAL = 45 PERIODS

REFERENCES

1. E. O. Doebelin, ‘Measurement Systems – Applications and Design ‘, Tata McGraw Hill, edition 1992.

2. A. K. Sawhney, ‘ A course in Electrical and Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation’, Dhanpat Rai and Co (P) Ltd, 2004.

3. Beckwith, Marangoni and Lienhard, ‘Mechanical Measurements’, Addison – Wesley, 5th Edition, 2000.

4. D. Roy Choudry, Sheil Jain, ‘ Linear Integrated Circuits’, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., 2000.

5. Patranabis. D, “Sensors and Transducers”, 2nd edition PHI, New Delhi, 2003.

EC3308           SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY     L   T   P   C

0    0   3    2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Measurement of temperature using thermocouple, thermistor and RTD

2. Measurement of displacement using POT, LVDT & Capacitive transducer

3. Torque measurement using torque measuring devices

4. Strain Measurement using strain gauge

5. Servomotor position control using photo electric pickup

6. Wave Shaping circuit

7. Analog to Digital Converters

8. Digital Comparator

9. Voltage to frequency converter

10. Frequency to Voltage Converter

11. Position and velocity measurement using encoders

12. Study on the application of data acquisition system for industrial purposes

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

You can download the syllabus in word format by Clicking Here